Stabilized petroleum distillate compositions



United States Patent O 3,498,766 STABILIZED PETROLEUM DISTILLATE COMPOSITIONS Paul Y. C. Gee, Woodbury, and Harry J. Andress, Jr., Pitman, N.J., assignors to Mobil Oil Corporation, a corporation of New York No Drawing. Filed Apr. 18, 1968, Ser. No. 722,153 Int. Cl. C101 ]/22 US. Cl. 4468 8 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Liquid hydrocarbon compositions are provided which contain small amounts, sufiicient to impart stabilizing properties, of metal salts of reaction products of alkenyl succinic acid anhydrides with a polyamine and salicylaldehyde, as stabilizers. A method for preparing these stabilizers is also provided.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the invention This invention relates to improved liquid hydrocarbon compositions and, in one of its aspects, relates more particularly to liquid hydrocarbon compositions in the form of combustible fuels that are stabilized against screen'clogging, sediment formation and oxidation, and to novel additive compositions intended to impart the aforementioned desirable stabilizing properties.

Description of the prior art As is well-known to those familiar with the art, liquid hydrocarbon compositions, particularly liquid hydrocarbon fuels, such as fuel oils, gasolines, jet fuels and diesel fuels, tend to exhibit certain deleterious characteristics, either after long periods of storage or under the conditions of operational use. Thus, for example, fuel oils have been found to be unstable in high temperature environments and to foul heat-exchange tubes and to cause clogging of screens and plugging of tubes. Sediment formation is another factor often encountered. In gasoline, for example, as well as in other fuel oils, oxidation and the effect of metal activity are also undesirable phenomena that are sought to be eliminated. Accordingly, a means for stabilizing such fuels and protecting them against screen clogging sediment formation, oxidation and metal activity, is highly desirable.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It has now been found, as more fully hereinafter described, that liquid hydrocarbon compositions can be provided posses-sing improved stabilizing properties, by incorporating therein a small amount, sufficient to impart such stabilizing properties, of the reaction product of one mole of an alkenyl succinic acid anhydride having at least 4 carbon atoms in the alkenyl group, one mole of polyamine selected from the group consisting of ethylenediamine and propylenediamine, one mole of salicylaldehyde and a compound selceted from the group consiting of metal hydroxides and metal alkoxides. As will become hereinafter apparent, these additive reaction products are particularly effective as anti-screen clogging agents, antioxidants and metal deactivators for such liquid hydrocarbon compositions as gasoline, jet fuels, diesel fuels and other fuel oils.

In accordance with the invention, these novel reaction product additives can be effectively employed in the liquid hydrocarbon compositions in an amout from about .001 to about 10 percent, preferably from about 0.01 to about 0.1 percent, by weight, of the total weight of the liquid hydrocarbon composition.

The liquid hydrocarbons improved in accordance with the present invention may comprise any hydrocarbons in which stability improvement is desirable. A field of specific applicability, in accordance with the present invention, is in the improvement of liquid hydrocarbons boiling at a temperature from about F. to about 1000 F. Of particular importance is the treatment of petroleum distillate oils which have pour and flow points above about 75 F. and which boil as high as about 1000 F. or higher. It should be noted, in this respect, that the term distillate oils is not intended to be restricted to straight-run distillate fractions. The distillate oils can be straight-run distillate, catalytically or thermally cracked (including hydrocracked distillate oils) or mixtures of straight-run distillate oil-s, naphthas and the like, with cracked distillate stocks. Moreover, such oils can be treated in accordance with well known commercial methods, such as acid or caustic treatment, hydrogenation, solvent refining, clay treatment, and the like.

The distillate oils are characterized by their relatively low viscosity, pour point and the like. The principal property which characterizes these hydrocarbons, however, is their distillation range. As hereinbefore indicated, this range will preferably lie between about 75 F. and about 1000 F. Obviously, the distillation range of each individual oil will cover a narrow boiling range falling, nevertheless, within the above-mentioned limits. Likewise, each oil will boil substantially and continuously throughout its distillation range. Particularly contemplated among the fuel oils in addition to gasoline, are Nos. 1, 2 and 3 fuel oils used in heating and as diesel fuel oils, and the jet combustion fuels. The domestic fuel oils generally conform to the specifications set forth in A.S.T.M. Specification D396-48T. Specifications for diesel fuels are defined in A.S.T.M. Specification D975-48T. Typical jet fuels are defined in Military Specification MILF5624B.

In the novel additive compositions of the present invention, any alkenyl succinic acid anhydride, or the corresponding acid, is utilizable, in which the alkenyl group contains at least 4 carbon atoms. The alkenyl group can be straight-chain or branched-chain, and it can be saturated at the point of unsaturation by the addition of a substance which adds to olefinic double bonds such as hydrogen, sulfur, bromine, chlorine, or iodine. While it is obvious, of course, that the alkenyl group must contain at least 2 carbon atoms, it has, nevertheless, been found that unless this group contains at least 4 carbon atoms, the produced metal salt will not be soluble in the liquid hydrocarbon composition. It will be noted, however, that, in accordance with the present invention no upper limit is imposed with respect to the number of carbon atoms that may be present in this group. The alkenyl succinic acid anhydrides and the alkenyl succinic acids are interchangeable for the purposes of the present invention. Accordingly, when the term alkenyl succinic acid anhydride, is used herein, it will be understood that this term embraces the alkenyl succinic acids as well as their anhydrides, and the derivatives thereof in which the olefinic double bond has been saturated, as previously indicated. Nonlimiting examples of the alkenyl succinic acid anhydride component include butenyl succinic acid; 2-methylbutenyl succinic acid anhydride; 1,2-dichloropenty1 succinic acid anhydride; hexenyl succinic acid anhydride; hexyl succinic acid; sulfurized 3-methylpentenyl succinic acid anhydride; 2,3-dimethylbutenyl succinic acid anhydride; 3,3-dimethylbutenyl succinic acid; 1,2-dibromo-2- ethylbutyl succinic acid; heptenyl succinic acid anhydride; 1,2-diiodooctyl succinic acid; octenyl succinic acid 3 anhydride; diisobutenyl succinic acid anhydride; 2- methylheptenyl succinic acid anhydride; 4-ethylhexenyl succinic acid, 2-isopropylpentenyl succinic acid anhydride; nonenyl succinic acid anhydride; 2-propyl-' hexenyl succinic anhydride; decenyl succinic acid; decenyl succinic acid anhydride; 5-Inethyl-2-isopropylhexenyl succinic acid anhydride; 1,2-dibromo-2-ethyloctenyl succinic acid anhydride; decyl succinic acid anhydride; undecenyl succinic acid anhydride; 1,2-dichloroundecyl succinic acid; 3-ethyl-2t-butyl-pentenyl succinic acid anhydride; tetrapropenyl succinic acid anhydride; tetrapropenyl succinic acid; triisobutenyl succinic acid anhydride; 2'- propyl-noneyl succinic acid anhydride; 3-butyloctenyl succinic acid anhydride; tridecenyl succinic acid anhydride; tetradecenyl succinic acid anhydride; hexadecenyl succinic acid anhydride; sulfurized octadecenyl succinic acid; octadecyl succinic acid anhydride; 1,2-dibromo-2- methylpentadecenyl succinic acid anhydride; 8-propylpen tadecyl succinic acid anhydride; eicosenyl succinic acid anhydride; 1,2-dichl0ro-2-methylnonadecenyl succinic acid anhydride; 2-octyldodecenyl succinic acid; 1,2- diiodotetracosenyl succinic acid anhydride; hexacosenyl succinic acid; hexacosenyl succinic acid anhydride; and hentriacontenyl succinic acid anhydride. In general, alkenyl succinic acid anhydrides having from about 8 to about 35, and preferably, from about 9 to about 18 carbon atoms in the alkenyl group thereof, are most advantageously employed in the novel additive compositions. Methods for preparing the alkenyl succinic acid anhydrides are well known to those familiar with the art, the most feasible method comprising the reaction of an olefin with maleic acid anhydride. A more detailed description of the alkenyl succinic acid anhydrides suitable for use in the additive compositions of the present invention and their preparation, is disclosed in Patent No. 2,638,450, issued May 12, 1953.

As previously indicated, the novel additive reaction products of the present invention are obtained by the reaction of one mole of the alkenyl succinic acid anhydride; one mole of the polyamine, which is either ethylenediamine or propylenediamine; one mole of salicylaldehyde; and a compound which is either a metal hydroxide or a metal alkoxide. Insofar as these metal compounds are concerned, any metal hydroxide or metal alkoxide may be employed as the reactant. Preferably, metal hydroxides and metal alkoxides are employed in which the metal is calcium, barium, magnesium, sodium, zinc, cobalt or manganese. Obviously, there is no limitation imposed upon the amount of the metal compound employed for reaction thereof with the other reactants. Preferably, a slight excess of the metal hydroxide or metal alkoxide is preferred to insure complete reaction with the product produced by the aforementioned reaction of the alkenyl succinic acid anhydride, the polyamine and salicylaldehyde. Insofar as the reaction conditions are concerned, the aforementioned reaction between the tetrapropenyl succinic acid anhydride, polyamine, salicylaldehyde, and metal hydroxide or metal alkoxide, can be conducted at temperatures as low as about C. or as high as about 250 C. for promoting faster reaction. For most practical operations, reaction temperatures from about 25 C. to about 175 C. are preferred.

In general, the aforementioned metal salt reaction products are preferably prepared by gradually adding one mole of the polyamine at about room temperature with stirring to one mole alkenyl succinic acid anhydride, preferably diluted with a solvent, such as xylene, followed by the addition of one mole of salicylaldehyde. After the mixture has been heated under, e.g. xylene reflux (l 145 C.) until water has stopped coming over, the resulting mixture is then heated at a temperature from about 125 C. to about 175 C., for a period of 2 hours with the metal hydroxide or metal alkoxide, to form the corresponding metal salt. The following equations will serve to illustrate the formation of the above-described metal salts, in which one mole of tetrapropenyl succinic acid anhydride is reacted with one mole of propylenediamine and one mole of salicylaldehyde; and in which a metal hydroxide or metal alkoxide is employed for producing the corresponding metal salt. In this stepwise illustration, R is tetrapropenyl.

The following data and examples will serve to illustrate the preparation of the novel metal salts of the present invention and their efficacy in imparting stabilizing properties to liquid hydrocarbon compositions. It will be understood, however, that it is not intended the invention be limited to the particular metal salts or the particular liquid hydrocarboncompositions described. Various modifications of these compositions, as previously indicated, can be employed and will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.

Example 1.-37 gms. (0.5 mole) of propylenediamine were added gradually at room temperature with stirring to 133 gms. (0.5 mole) of tetrapropenylsuccinic anhydride previously diluted with 227 gms. of xylene followed by the addition of 61 gms. (0.5 mole) of salicylaldehyde. The mixture was gradually heated to reflux at 142 C; and was held there until water stopped coming over. To the reaction were added at room temperature with stirring 21.6 grams (0.25 mole) of magnesium methoxide in a methanol solution. The mixture was gradually heated to C. and was held there until the methanol stopped coming over, The final product, the magnesium salt of tetrapropenylsuccinic anhydride with propylenediamine and.salicylaldehyde, which contained 50% xylene was clear and fluid at room temperatures.

Analysis.Estimated (percent): Mg, 1.40; N, 3.08. Found (percent)? Mg, 1.52;,N, 3.08.

Example 2.37 gms. (0.5 mole) of propylenediamine were added gradually to 133 gms. (0.5 mole) of tetra propenylsuccinic anhydride diltued with 256 gms. of xylene at room temperature with stirring followed by the addition of 61 gms. (0.5 mole) of salicylaldehyde. The mixture was gradually heated to reflux at 140 C. and was held there until water stopped coming over. To the above reaction mixture was added at room temperature with stirring 79 gms. (0.25 mole) of Ba (OH) -8H O previously mixed with 200 cc. of methanol. The mixture was gradually heated to 140-145 C. and was held there until the methanol and water stopped coming over. The final product, barium salt of tetrapropenylsuccinic anhydride with propylenediamine and salicylaldehyde, which contained approximately 50% xylene was clear and fluid at room temperature.

Analysis.Estimated (percent): Ba, 6.90; N, 2.84. Found: (percent): Ba, 7.28; N, 2.82.

Example 3.-37 gms. (0.5 mole) of propylenediamine were added gradually to 133 gms. (0.5 mole) of tetrapropenylsuccinic anhydride previously diluted with 231 gms. of xylene at room temperature with stirring followed by the addition of 61 gms. (0.5 mole) of salicylaldehyde. The mixture was gradually heated to 140 C. and was held there until water stopped coming over. To the reaction mixture was added at room temperature with stirring 0.25 mole of calcium methoxide, previously prepared by reacting 11.5 gms. (0.5 atomic weight) of sodium in the form of a sodium methoxide solution with 28 gms. (0.25 mole) of calcium chloride dissolved in 200 cc. of methanol. The mixture was gradually heated to 142 C. and was held there until the methanol stopped coming over. The reaction product was filtered through Hyflo clay to remove the sodium chloride. The final product, the calcium salt of tetrapropenylsuccinic anhydride with propylenediamine and salicylaldehyde, which contained approximately 50% xylene was dark green in color, clear and fluid at room temperature.

Analysis.Estimated (percent): Ca, 2.22; N, 3.10. Found (percent): Ca, 2.22; N, 3.08.

Example 4.37 gms. (0.5 mole) of propylenediamine were added gradually to 133 gms. (0.5 mole) of tetrapropenylsuccinic anhydride previously diluted with 238 gms. of xylene at room temperature with stirring followed by the addition of 61 gms. (0.5 mole) of salicylaldehyde. The mixture was gradually heated to reflux at 140 C., and was held there until water stopped coming over. To the reaction mixture was added at room temperature with stirring 0.25 mole of zinc methoxide in methanol solution obtained by reacting 11.5 gms. (0.5 atomic weight of sodium in the form of a sodium methoxide methanol solution with 36 gms. (0.5 mole+2 gms. excess) of zinc chloride dissolved in methanol. The mixture was gradually heated to 142 C. with stirring and was held there until the methanol stopped coming over. The reaction product was filtered through Hyflo clay. The final product, the zinc salt of tetrapropenylsuccinic anhydride with propylenediamine and salicylaldehyde, which contained approximately 50% xylene was clear and fluid at room temperature.

Analysis.Estimated (percent): Zn, 3.46; N, 3.04. Found (percent): Zn, 3.76; N, 2.81.

Example 5.37 gms. (0.5 mole) of propylenediamine were added gradually at room temperature with stirring to 133 gms. (0.5 mole) of tetrapropenylsuccinic anhydride diluted with 236 gms. of xylene followed by the addition of 61 gms. (0.5 mole) of salicylaldehyde. The mixture was gradually heated to reflux at 142 C. and was held there until water stopped coming over. To the reaction mixture was added at room temperature with stirring 0.25 mole of cobalt methoxide in methanol solution obtained by reacting 11.5 gms. (0.5 atomic weight) of sodium in the form of a methanol solution with 74 gms. (0.25 mole+25% excess) of cobalt chloride dissolved in methanol. The mixture was gradually heated to 142 C. and was held there until the methanol stopped coming over. The reaction product was filtered through Hyflo clay. The final product, the cobalt salt of tetrapropenylsuccinic anhydride with propylenediamine and salicylaldehyde, which contained approximately 50% xylene was dark brown in color, clear and fluid at room temperature.

Analysis.Estimated (percent): Co, 3.10; N, 2.96. Found (percent): Co, 3.63; N, 3.17.

Example 6.37 gms. (0.5 mole) of propylenediamine were added gradually at room temperature with stirring to 133 gms. (0.5 mole) of tetrapropenylsuccinic anhydride diluted witht 235 gms. of xylene followed by the addition of 61 gms. (0.5 mole) of salicylaldehyde. The mixture was gradually heated to reflux at 140 C. and was held there until water stopped coming over. To the reaction mixture was added at room temperature with stirring 0.25 mole of manganese methoxide obtained by reacting 11.5 gms. (0.5 atomic weight) of sodium in the form of a sodium methoxide solution with 49.5 gms. (0.25 mole) of manganese chloride dissolved in methanol. The mixture was gradually heated to 142 C. and was held there until the methanol stopped coming over. The reaction product was filtered through Hyflo clay. The final product, the manganese salt of the tetrapropenylsuccinic anhydride with propylenediamine and salicyladehyde, which contained 50% xylene was dark brown in color, clear and fluid at room temperature.

Analysis.Estimated (percent): Mn, 2.93; N, 2.80. Found (percent): Mn, 2.46; N, 3.55.

Example 7.15 gms, (0.25 mole) of ethylenediamine were gradually added at room temperature with stirring to 66.5 gms. (0.25 mole) of tetrapropenylsuccinic anhydride, diluted with 110 gms. of xylene, followed by the addition of 30.5 gms. (0.25 mole) of salicylaldehyde. The mixture was gradually heated to reflux at 142 C. and was held there until water stopped coming over. To the reaction mixture were added at room temperature with stirring 10.75 gms. (0.125 mole) of magnesium methoxide in a methanol solution. The mixture was gradually heated to 135 C. and was held there until all the methanol distilled over. The final product, the magnesium salt of tetrapropenylsuccinic anhydride with ethylenediamine and salicylaldehyde, contained approximately 50% xylene.

Analysis.-Estimated (percent): Mg, 1.35; N, 3.18. Found (percent): Mg, 1.60; N, 3.57.

Example 8.15 gms. (0.25 mole) of ethylenediamine were gradually added at room temperature with stirring to 66.5 gms. (0.25 mole) of tetrapropenylsuccinic anhydride, diluted with 220 gms. of xylene, followed by the addition of 30.5 gms. (0.25 mole) of salicylaldehyde. The mixture was stirred at C. for one hour. To the reaction mixture were added at room temperature with stirring 9.25 gms. (0.125 mole) of Ca(OH) previously mixed with cc. of methanol. The mixture was gradually heated to C. and was held there until the methanol and water stopped coming over. The final product, the calcium salt of tetrapropenylsuccinic anhydride with ethylenediamine and salicylaldehyde, contained approximately 66 /s% xylene.

Analysis.Estimated (percent): Ca, 1.48; N, 2.08. Found (percent): Ca, 1.84; N, 2.32.

Example 9.47.25 gms. (0.25 mole) of tetraethylenepentamine were gradually added at room temperature with stirring to 66.5 gms. (0.25 mole) of tetrapropenylsuccinic anhydride, diluted with 143 gms. of xylene, followed by the addition of 30.5 gms. (0.25 mole) of salicylaldehyde. The mixture was gradually heated to reflux at 142 C. and was held there until water stopped coming over. To the reaction mixture were added at room temperature with stirring 10.75 gms. (0.125 mole) of magnesium methoxide in a methanol solution. The mixture was gradually heated to 135 C. and was held there until the methanol stopped coming over. The final product, the magnesium salt of tetrapropenylsuccinic anhydride with tetraethylenepentamine and salicylaldehy-de, contained approximately 50% xylene.

Analysis.-Estimated (percent): Mg, 1.1; N, 6.1; Found (percent): Mg, 1.26; N, 6.17.

Example 10.47.25 gms. (0.25 mole) of tetraethylenepentamine were gradually added at room temperature with stirring to 66.5 gms. (0.25 mole) of tetrapropenylsuccinic anhydride, previously diluted with 286 gms. of xylene, followed by the addition of 30.5 gms. (0.25 mole) of salicylaldehyde. The mixture was stirred at 95 C. for one hour. T o the reaction mixture were added at room temperature with stirring 9.25 gms. (0.125 mole) of Ca(OH) previously mixed with 100 cc. of methanol. The mixture was gradually heated to 135 C. and was held there until the methanol and water stopped coming over. The final product, the calcium salt of tetrapropenylsuccinic anhydride with tetraethylenepentamine and salicyladehyde, contained approximately 66 /370 xylene.

Analysis.Estimated (percent): Ca, 1.17; N, 4.10. Found (percent): Ca, 1.35; N, 4.42.

Example 11.18.5 gms. (0.25 mole) of propylenediamine were gradually added at room temperature with stirring to 52.5 gms. (0.25 mole) of octenylsuccinic anhydride, previously diluted with 200 gms. of xylene, followed by the addition of 30.5 gms. of salicylaldehyde. The mixture was gradually heated to reflux at 142 C. and was held there until water stopped coming over. To the reaction mixture were added at room temperature with stirring 10.75 gms. (0.125 mole) of magnesium methoxide in a methanol solution. The mixture was gradually heated to 135 C. and was held there until all the methanol distilled over. The final product, the magnesium salt of octenylsuc-cinic anhydride with propylenediarnine and salicylaldehyde, contained approximately 66%% xylene.

Analysis.-Estimated (percent): Mg, 1.00; N, 2.12. Found (percent): Mg, 1.08; N, 2.60.

Example 12.18.5 gms. (0.25 mole) of propylenediamine were gradually added at room temperature with stirring to 66.5 gms. (0.25 mole) of isooctadecenylsuccinic anhydride, previously diluted with 114 gms. of xylene, followed by the addition of 30.5 gms. (0.25 mole) of salicylaldehyde. The mixture was gradually heated to reflux at 142 C. and was held there until the water stopped coming 'over. To the reaction mixture were added at room temperature with stirring 10.75 gms. 0.125 mole) of magnesium methoxide in a methanol solution. The mixture was gradually heated to 135 C. and was held there until the methanol stopped coming over. The final product, the magnesium salt of isooctadecenylsuccinic anhydride with propylenediamine and salicylaldehyde, contained approximately 50% xylene.

Analysis.-Estirnated (percent): Mg, 1.33; N, 3.10. Found (percent): Mg, 1.42; N, 3.27.

SCREEN CLOGGING The anti-screen clogging characteristics of a fuel oil are determined as follows: the test is conducted using a Sunstrand V3 or 81 home fuel oil burner pump with a self-contained 100-mesh Monel metal screen. About 0.05%, by weight, of naturally-formed fuel oil sediment, composed of fuel oil, water, dirt, rust, and organic sludge is mixed with liters of the fuel oil. The mixture is circulated by the pump through the screen for 6 hours. Then, the sludge deposit on the screen is washed off with normal pentane and filtered through a tared Gooch crucible. After drying, the material in the Gooch crucible is washed with a 5050 (volume) acetone-methanol mixture. The total organic sediment is obtained by evaporating the pentane and the acetone-methanol filtrates. Drying and weighing the Gooch crucible yields the amount of inorganic sediment. The sum of the organic and inorganic deposits on the screen can be reported in milligrams recovered or converted into percent screen clogging.

The uninhibited test fuel oil was a blend of 60% distillate stock obtained from continuous catalytic cracking and 40% straight-run distillate stock, having a boiling TABLE I.SCREEN CLOGGING TESTS [Inhibitors blended in a fuel oil blend comprising 60% catalytically cracked component and 40% straight run component, approximately 320-640 F. boiling range] Screen clogging percent Concn., lb./1,000 Inhibitors bbls.

Uninhibited fuel blend 0 Uninhibiteii fuel blend plus:

Example 5.- Example 6.. Uninhibited fuel b1end.-.. Uninhibited fuel blend plus:

Example 7 Example 8 Example 9.. Example 10. Example 11. Example 12.

SEDIMENTATION The test used to determine the sedimentation characteristics of the fuel oils is the F. storage test. In this test, a SOD-milliliter sample of the fuel oil under test is placed in a convected oven maintained at 110 F. for a period of 12 weeks. Then, the sample is removed from the oven and cooled. The cooled sample is filtered through a tared asbestos filter (Gooch crucible) to remove insoluble matter. The weight of such matter in milligrams is reported as the amount of sediment. A sample of the blank, uninhibited oil is run along with a fuel oil blend under test. The effectiveness of a fuel oil containing an inhibitor is determined by comparing the weight of sediment formed in the inhibited oil with that formed in the uninhibited oil.

Additives described in the examples were blended in the aforementioned test fuel oil and the blends were subjected to the 110' F. storage test. The test results comparing the blended fuels and uninhibited fuels are set forth in Table II.

TABLE II.-FUEL OIL STORAGE TEST [Inhibitors blended in a fuel oil blend comprising 60% catalytically cracked component and 40% straight run component, approximately 320640 F. boiling range] GASOLINE STORAGE TEST This test was used to determine the quantity of gum increase in both a gasoline blend comprising 100 percent catalytically cracked components, and containing 3 cc.

' tetraethyl lead (TEL) per gallon, and boiling Within a 100400 F. boiling range, and the same gasoline blend containing, also, the additive compositions of the examples. After being maintained at 110 F. for a period of 16 weeks, the amount of gum increase was determined according to A.S .T.M. Test D381. The test results comparing the uninhibited gasolines and the same gasolines containing the additive compositions of the examples, are set forth in Table III.

TABLE III.GASOLINE STORAGE TESTS [Inhibitors blended in a gasoline blend comprising 100% catalytically cracked component, approximately 100400 F. boiling range] ASTM gum (after 16 Canon weeks at lb./1,000 110 F.)

Inhibitors bbls. mg./l ml.

Uninhibited gasoline plus 3 cc. TEL/gal 0 7.0 Uninhibited gasoline plus 3 cc. TEL/gal. plus Example 1 3. 2

Uninhibited gasoline plus 3 cc. TEL/gal 0 8. 8 Uninhibited gasoline plus 3 cc. TEL/gal. plus Example 2 2 1. 5

Uninhibited gasoline plus 3 cc. TEL/gal 0 8.8 Uninhibited gasoline plus 3 cc. TEL/gal. plus Example 3 5 2. O

Uninhibited gasoline plus 3 cc. TEL/gal 0 8. 8 Uninhibited gasoline plus 3 cc. TEL/gal. plus Example 4 2 1. 7

GASOLINE STORAGE TEST WITH COPPER The same test procedure, as described in the Gasoline From the foregoing comparative data, it will be apparout that the novel metal salts of the present invention are highly efiective as stabilizers for liquid hydrocarbon compositions. Although the present invention has been described With preferred embodiments, it will be understood that various modifications and adaptations thereof may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and that the liquid hydrocarbon compositions therein disclosed may contain other additive intended to enhance their properties.

We claim:

1. A petroleum distillate hydrocarbon composition containing a small amount, sufi'icient to impart stabilizing properties, of the metal salt of the reaction product prepared by reacting one mole of an alkenyl succinic acid or anhydride having at least 4 carbon atoms in the alkenyl group, one mole of a polyamine selected from the group consisting of ethylenediamine and propylenediamine and one mole or salicylaldehyde and reacting said product with a compound selected from the group consisting of calcium, barium, magnesium, sodium, Zinc, cobalt and manganese hydroxides and alkoxides.

2. A composition as defined in claim 1 wherein said reaction product is present in an amount from about .001 to about 0.1%, by Weight, of the total weight of said composition.

3. A composition as defined in claim 1 wherein said approximately 100-400 F. boiling range] ASTM Gum (after 16 Weeks at Concn., 110 F lb./l,000 rug/100 ml Inhibitors bbls.

Unlnhibited gasoline plus 3 cc. TEL/gal. plus 0.2 mg. Cu N aphthenate/liter 0 21. 4 Uninhibited gasoline plus 3 cc. TEL/gal. plus 0.2 mg. Cu Naphthenate/liter plus Example 1 5 2. 4 Uninhibited gasoline plus 3 cc. TEL/gal. plus 0.2 mg. Cu Naphthenate/liter plus 0 23.0 Uninhibited gasoline plus 3 cc. TEL/gal. plus 0.2 mg. Cu N aphthenate/liter plus Example 2 10 5. 5 Uninhibited gasoline plus 3 cc. TEL/gal. plus 0.2 mg. Cu Naphthenate/liter 0 23. 0 Uninhibited gasoline plus 3 cc. TEL/gal. plus 0.2 mg. Cu Naphthenate/liter plus Example 3 l0 4. 2 Uninliibited gasoline plus 3 cc. TEL/gal. plus 0.2 mg. Cu Naphthenate/liter 0 23. 0 Uninhibited gasoline plus 3 cc. TEL/gal. plus 0.2 mg. Cu Naph- 1O 5 3 thenate/liter plus Example 4 COPPER ACCELERATED STORAGE TEST The test procedure as described in the Gasoline Storage Tests With Copper (supra), was employed, in which the inhibitors were incorporated in a hydrofined fuel oil blend comprising 60% catalytically cracked component and 40% straight-run component, falling approximately within the range of 310-650 F. In this test, the fuel oil blends are contacted with a polished copper strip for 48 hours at 80 F. and then evaluated in a storage test run at 205 F. for a period of 48 hours. The test results comparing the uninhibited fuel and the same fuel containing additive compositions of the examples, are set forth in Table V.

TABLE V.COPPER ACOELERATED STORAGE TEST [Inhibitors blended in a hydrofined fuel oil blend comprising catalytically cracked component and 40% straight run component approximately 310650 F. boiling range] reaction product is present in an amount from about 0.01 to about 0.1%, by weight, of that total weight of said composition.

4. A composition as defined in claim 1 wherein said distillate has a boiling range from about F. to about 1000 F.

5. A composition of defined in claim 1 wherein said distillate comprises a gasoline.

6. A composition as defined in claim 1 wherein said distillate comprises a jet fuel.

7. A composition as defined in claim 1 wherein said distillate comprises a diesel fuel.

8. A composition as defined in claim 1 wherein the alkenyl succinic acid anhydride comprises tetrapropenyl succinic acid anhydride.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,236,613 2/1966 Gee et a1. 4471 3,247,110 4/1966 Gee et a1. 4468 XR 3,296,130 1/1967 Gee et a1. 44-68 XR DANIEL E. WYMAN, Primary Examiner W. J. SHINE, Assistant Examiner US. Cl. X.R. 44-71 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 3,498,766 March 3, 1970 Paul Y. C. Gee et al.

peers in the above identified It is certified that error ap t are hereby corrected as t and that said Letters Paten paten shown below:

Column 1., line 62, "selceted" should read selected hould read consisting Column 10,

line 63, "consiting" s line 24, "0.1%" should read 10% Signed and sealed this 28th day of July 1970.

(SEAL) Attest:

Edward M. Fletcher, Jr. WILLIAM E. SCHUYLER, JR.

Commissioner of Patents Attesting Officer 

